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Tackling Amazon Fires

Brazil rejects Q7 offer of $20m aid

Weather experts say rain will not extinguish fires for weeks

Agencies
Brazil on Monday rejected aid from G7 countries to fight wildfires in the Amazon, with a top official telling French President Emmanuel Macron to take care of "his home and his colonies."
"We appreciate (the offer), but maybe those resources are more relevant to reforest Europe," Onyx Lorenzoni, chief of staff to President Jair Bolsonaro, told the G1 news website.
Lorenzoni was referring to a $20 million pledge made at the G7 summit in France to fight the rainforest blaze.
“Macron cannot even avoid a foreseeable fire in a church that is a world heritage site. What does he intend to teach our country?" he continued, referring to the fire in April that devastated the Notre-Dame cathedral.
The presidency later confirmed the comments to AFP.
Brazil's Environment Minister Ricardo Salles had earlier told reporters they had welcomed the G7 funding to fight the fires and prompted the deployment of the army.
But after a meeting between Bolsonaro and his ministers, the Brazilian government changed course.
"Brazil is a democratic, free nation that never had colonialist and imperialist practices, as perhaps is the objective of the Frenchman Macron," Lorenzoni said.
However, Bolsonaro said yesterday he was open to discussing G7 aid for fighting fires in the Amazon if Macron "withdraws insults" made against him.
Tensions have risen between France and Brazil after Macron tweeted that the fires burning in the Amazon basin amounted to an international crisis and should be discussed as a top priority at the G7 summit.
Bolsonaro reacted by blasting Macron for having a "colonialist mentality."
According to weather data and two experts, weak rainfall is unlikely to extinguish the record number of fires raging in Amazon anytime soon, with pockets of precipitation through September 10 expected to bring only isolated relief.
The world's largest tropical rainforest is being ravaged as the number of blazes recorded across the Brazilian Amazon has risen 79% this year through August 25, according to
the country's space research agency.
The fires are not limited to Brazil, with at least 10,000 square kilometres (about 3,800 square miles) burning in Bolivia near its border with Paraguay and Brazil.
While Brazil's government has launched a firefighting initiative, deploying troops and military planes, those efforts will only extinguish smaller blazes and help prevent new fires, experts said. Larger infernos can only be put out by rainfall.
The rainy season in the Amazon on average begins in late September and takes weeks to build to widespread rains.
The rain forecast in the next 15 days is concentrated in areas that need it least, according to Maria Silva Dias, a professor of atmospheric sciences at University of Sao Paulo. Less precipitation is expected in parts of the Amazon experiencing the worst fires, she added.
The far northwest and west of the Brazilian Amazon rainforest will see more rain in coming weeks but the eastern parts will remain very dry,
Refinitiv data show.
Even areas with more rain will only get isolated showers, the experts said.
"In some points you could put out some fires, certainly, but these are isolated points, it's not the whole area," Dias said.
"The whole area needs it to rain more regularly, and this will only happen further down the line, around October."
Enough rain has to be concentrated in a short enough period to put out a fire, otherwise the water will just evaporate, Dias said.
She estimated it would take at least 20 millimeters of rain within 1-2 hours to put out a forest fire, with more required for more intense blazes, reported Reuters.
The state of Acre, in the west of Brazil on the border with Peru, is expected to get more fire relief from rains than most of the Amazon. The number of fires in Acre has more than doubled so far this year compared with the year-ago period, with 90 fires registered from August 21-25 alone,
according to INPE data.
The western half of the state will get 57.6 mm over the next 15 days, while the east of the state will get 33.5 mm, Refinitiv data show.
Rondonia and southern Amazonas state are expected to get 15-29 mm across the area in the next 15 days.
"In some areas it could reduce the fires, not in general," said Matias Sales a meteorologist for Brazil weather information firm Climatempo.
The 15-day rain forecast is at or below the average for this period in previous years, according to Climatempo.
The eastern Amazon will stay dry over the next 15 days, with little or no rain in parts of Mato Grosso, Para and Tocantins where fires are up 54% to 161% compared with last year.
Dias said she hoped the military would help to prevent new fires but putting out existing fires is a tougher task.
"The small fires will be extinguished but the big fires will go on for a while," she said.