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A new way to retrieve lost memories

Mail Online
Someone reads a phone number out to you, and you dial the number to ring it, but ten minutes later, would you still remember that number?
Understanding what kind of information the brain stores, and what it keeps handy for easy access is not fully understood, but a new study shines light on the concept.
The study says certain memories thought forgotten could be brought back to attention, using magnets.
Previously it had been thought our 'working memory', which remembers important information for a short amount of time, like dialling a phone number, required sustained activity to keep a hold of the information.
But a new study, from researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, showed brains tuck less-important information away somewhere beyond the reach of the tools that typically monitor brain activity.
The researchers were able to snap the information back into active attention with magnets.
They conducted a series of experiments in which people were asked to remember two items representing different types of information, using words, faces and directions of motion.
When the researchers gave their subjects a cue as to the type of question that was on its way, the electrical activity and blood flow in the brain associated with the word memory disappeared.
But if a second cue came letting the subject know they would now be asked about that word, the brain activity would jump back up to a level indicating it was the focus of attention.
The researchers were also able to bring the seemingly abandoned items back to mind without cueing their subjects.
Using a technique called transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) the researchers applied a focused electromagnetic field to a precise part of the brain involved in storing the word.
Then they could trigger the sort of brain activity representative of focused attention.
“People have always thought neurons would have to keep firing to hold something in memory. Most models of the brain assume that," said lead author Brad Postle, a psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
“But we're watching people remember things almost perfectly without showing any of the activity that would come with a neuron firing.
"The fact that you're able to bring it back at all in this example proves it's not gone. It's just that we can't see evidence for its active retention in the brain."