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Finding New Birds
How many species of birds are in Bangladesh? For a small country, perhaps we have more than our fair share. Bangladesh boasts about 650 out of the 10,000 species of birds in the world, or 6.5% of the earth's species (in a landmass that is 0.1% of the earth's land area.)
But what is interesting is that this number keeps increasing. That is, we keep finding birds that we did not know were here.
For example, in the last three years, seven species of such birds were found for the first time in Bangladesh. One of them, the large-billed reed warbler, was a first for the entire subcontinent.
Note that these are not new species of birds per se. Rather, they are birds that are known in other parts of the world but not seen before in Bangladesh.
How were these "new birds" found? I asked noted bird expert and author Enam Hl Haque, who played an instrumental role in these discoveries.
Haque said there are two ways that a bird is added to the bird-list of a country. One is a "vagrant" - that is, an accidental rarity - perhaps a migrating bird losing its way after a storm. Sighting a vagrant bird must be properly recorded and documented to be added to the bi rd-list.
The second kind is the bird that resides year-round in the country but was not seen before because it was hiding so well.
All seven findings were of the second kind. Birders with the Bangladesh Bird Club found these species through field work.
But where does one go looking for them? Is it all accidental and happenstance?
Haque said that first you must
decide what type and category of bird you are looking for. The habitat can, of course, be very different for different species. For example, warblers and flycatchers, two prolific families of birds, often live in bushes and open grassland. Therefore, looking for new (to Bangladesh) species of these birds, you must search in those habitats.
When I asked him how they were found, Haque first explained the "ringing" of wild birds. In order to track and monitor them, researchers often catch the birds, and, after measuring and photographing them, attach a small, individually numbered ring to their leg or wing before releasing them. Bird's data is entered into a worldwide database. If another researcher catches the same bird later on, he can check the database and add new information on the bird.
Ringing is a difficult and expensive process that takes many years to learn. Since it started in Bangladesh in 2010, over 4000 birds have been ringed in Bangladesh. They are caught in very fine nets called mist nets which are hoisted early morning near the habitat. Mist nets must be monitored every thirty minutes.
Three years ago, suspecting that there were more birds here than we knew about, the ringing group went looking for new birds in three areas: Baikka Beel, Tanguar Haor and Pashuar Haor.
The result? Seven species of birds were found for the first time in Bangladesh. They are: chestnut-crowned bush warbler, aberrant bush warbler, grey-sided bush warbler, Baikal bush warbler, oriental reed warbler, large-billed reed warbler and Sykes's warbler. www.facebook.com/tangents.ikabir