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The Report says
Around 18 percent of children in slums attended secondary school in Bangladesh. But no data were available about the slum children's enrolment at primary level.
There are only around 15 to 20 toilets for 200 families in the slum. The toilets offer little sanitation and even less privacy.
Due to lack of drainage system, all the human discharges pour into a nearby bush and that is main reason for spread of different diseases like malaria and typhoid in the area.
Unsafe water, poor sanitation and unhygienic living condition claim many lives each year—an estimated 1.2million children die from diarrhoea alone across the world, said the Unicef report.
Many children in the slum use street-side drains to ease themselves because the small number of latrines are shared by large number of people and there is no special provision for children.
While children in cities may live close to health services, there is no guarantee for slum children to have access to those facilities.
Out of every one thousand children born in the country, around 95 die before they reach the age of five at slums. On the basis of under-five mortality rate, Bangladesh is ranked 61st on the data available for more than 190 countries, said the report
An estimation from more than 60 countries found that while HIV infection rate had decreased in most countries, it had risen by more than 25 percent in Bangladesh along with six other countries. In Bangladesh 22 percent of infants are born with low birth weight, claims the report.
No formal services exists in slums (no doctors and nurses), but several health posts run by Brae are staffed with trained community health work-
About scarcity of healthcare Humayun Miah, a resident of the slum said, "My two-year old daughter is suffering from fever for the last one
week. But I could not take him to hospital due to financial constraint. It requires huge money, if I go to hospital."
Children in Bangladesh face multidimensional forms of deprivation, violence, abuse and exploitation. It happens almost everywhere — within family, in the street and community, at workplace and schools or any state and non-state institu-
Trafficking is one of the major forms of child exploitation. Around 2.5 million people are in forced labour as a result of trafficking—22 to 50 percent of them are children, said the Unicef report.
In the reality of Bangladesh, it is difficult to abolish child labour from the country because of their extreme poverty. The government must establish alternative methods and policies to take care of the families that these children are supported financially.
The Unicef report also placed five-point recommendations to protect the rights of marginalized children.
Recommendations
Better understanding of the scale and nature of poverty and exclusion of the urban children;
• Identify and remove the barriers to inclusion;
• Ensure that urban planning, infrastructure development, service delivery and boarder efforts to reduce poverty and inequality meet the particular needs and priorities of children;
• Promote partnership between all levels of government and the urban poor, especially children and young people;
• Pool the resources and energies of international, national, municipal and community actors in support of efforts to ensure that marginalized and impoverished children enjoy their full rights.