Despite the UNFCCC secretary general terming the ongoing negotiations of coalitions satisfactory, different coalitions could not reach a common stance with only a day remaining before high-level segment of climate talks begin in Copenhagen.
However, the chairs of two working groups, Long-term Cooperative Action Plan (LCA) and Amendment Working Group on Kyoto Protocol AWG-KR have accepted draft texts yesterday evening.
The draft texts will be discussed next week in the plenary session before making the final agreement.
Different coalitions are still fighting with each other and there are disputes within themselves.
The negotiations now depend on whether the world leaders will agree on the temperature rise of 1.5 degrees or two degrees Celsius. Depending on the rise of temperature, long- and shortterm emission-cut goals will be set.
"Apart from that the meeting of adaptation fund is going on where the developed nations are pledging peanuts and the affected countries and collations are demanding more," said one of the key negotiators of Bangladesh.
Bangladesh, other deltaic countries, LDCs, small islanders
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and the African groups are demanding global temperature rise be kept at 1.5 degrees. Most other countries want to allow up to 2 degrees Celsius.
"1 titink amendment to the Kyoto Protocol will not be possible this time as we could not reach a consensus even among some coalitions, ’ said one of the negotiators from Bangladesh.
'But we have only one day left (Saturday) for the entire process," he said.
"To keep a rise al 1.5 degrees, all developed nations would have to commit to emission cuts of 20 to 40 percent by 2020 and 80 percent by 2050, which they do not want to do," he added.
"We are still hopeful about an agreement, ’ he said.
So far, 110 world leaders have confirmed their appearances at the conference including Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and US President Barak Obama.
Bangladesh is demanding a new protocol, amendment of the Kyoto Protocol to keep it alive as it is the outcome of years of discussions, and a mechanism of regional distribution of CDM projects.
Bangladesh is also demanding that carbon particles in the airbekeptat350ppm.
Except the USA, all developed and industrialised countries, 36 of them, ratified the Kyoto Protocol on which the to do list for up to 2012 is stated.
Bangladesh, other LDCs and small islanders are demanding amendment of the protocol to introduce new emission-cut commitments till 2017 while other countries are proposing it to be till 2020.
"Nothing has been finalised in this regard as Japan w'ant the US to join the Kyoto Protocol after amendment," the negotia-torsaid.
Japan made commitments of 25 percent emission cut bellow the 1990 level if other countries show similar ambitions Japan is responsible for 33 percent of global carbon emissions
The USA is only interested in signing a deal, either a political one or a legally bindings one. where developing countries will commit significant emission cuts.
For the first time, the USA
has a congressional approval and committed 17 percent emission cut from 2005 level, which is only 4 percent of 1990 emission level. The LDCs say that this is not enough.
The USA is the world’s second biggest greenhouse gas producer contributing 15.5 percent of the world's emission.
Developing countries with emerging economies like India, China. Brazil, South Africa do not want to amend the Kyoto Protocol as it is a legally binding deal.
"If the Kyoto Protocol is amended, the developing countries will have to commit emission cuts which they do not want to do," said a negotiator from Bangladesh.
China, now the biggest polluter in die world, is responsible for 20.7 percent of die world's greenhouse gas emissions and has set a goal to cut carbon emissions. India also committed emission cuts.
Like the USA. India and China announced their targets for die first time.
"The developing countries do not want to commit to significant emission cuts which die LDCs and the USA are demanding," he said.
The developing countries want to go for a political agreement where they would be able to escape emission cuts by blaming developed countries for causing the climate change and that it is their duty to help.
The EU is saying they are ready to cut emission up to 20 percent by 2020 from the 1990 level and are ready to do more if others make commitments. The EU group, 27 European states, have recently pledged $7 billion to the climate fund.
Gulf states, Opec states and Saudi Arabia are seeking financial aid for oil-producers if the new agreement required cuts in fossil fuel use.
In a situation like this, most negotiators are finding it very hard to reach an agreement.
However. Yov de Boer, executive secretary of UNFCC, yesterday afternoon in his daily briefing said different negotiating groups have been working hard to reach an agreement.
"I think the world leaders are coming here to help make the conference a success. I would be very happy to see it happen," he said.