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Strategic issues
Ninety-three countries sign ban on cluster bombs
Ninety-three countries have signed a landmark treaty banning cluster bombs, seen as one of the biggest international humanitarian agreements clinched in the past decade, host country Norway said December4.
"We are on track," Norway's deputy minister of foreign affairs, Raymond Johansen, said at the end of the two-day signing ceremony in Oslo.
The Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM), an umbrella organization grouping about 300 humanitarian aid groups, said four or five additional countries may sign the text December 4.
The treaty was also to be sent to the U.N. in New York, where other countries will be able to sign it.
Major arms producers such as China, Russia and the US have however refused to sign the treaty, unlike most European countries.
Afghanistan, Laos and Lebanon, three countries heavily affected by cluster bombs, also put their names to the document. Iraq has meanwhile said it would sign "as soon as possible."
The ban outlaws the use, production, transfer and stockpiling of cluster munitions, and requires signatories to assist victims of the weapons.
"This is the biggest humanitarian treaty of the last decade," Richard Moyes of the CMC said.
Dropped from warplanes or fired from artillery guns, cluster bombs explode in mid-air to randomly scatter hundreds of bomblets, which can be just three inches big.
Many bomblets that fail to explode can kill and maim long after a conflict ends.
When the treaty was hammered out in negotiations in May in Dublin, it was agreed upon by 107 countries. Organizers attributed the difference between that number and the 93 that have signed the document so far to bureaucratic reasons.
The treaty must be ratified by at least 30 countries before it can go into effect. Norway, which played a key role in obtaining tire ban, has already launched the ratification process, as have Ireland, Sierre Leone and the Holy See.
Georgia, Ukraine compromise reached Nato's biggest nations reached an agreement Dec. 2 that would allow the alliance to deepen cooperation with Georgia and Ukraine, without prejudice
to the way they would eventually join the alliance.
"We agreed - without prejudice to further decisions about MAP, whatever they are - that we will use the commissions to advance their reforms, " a senior U.S. official told reporters.
A European diplomat confirmed that a compromise had been found between the United States, Britain, France and Germany at a meeting of NATO foreign ministers in Brussels to an issue that has divided the alliance.
Georgia and Ukraine had been striving to win membership action plan (MAP) status, which has in the last decade been the final stepping stone toward joining the world's biggest alliance.
But a bloc of around half a dozen European countries, led by Germany believes that the two former Soviet states are not ready for such a step.
The United States has proposed that the two be allowed to continue to advance reforms through the respective NATO-Georgia and NATO-Ukraine Commissions, but Berlin insists that the MAP process be respected.
To join NATO, Georgia and Ukraine must complete political, democratic and military reforms, as well as have good relations with their neighbors. Their citizens should also be in favor of their candidacies.
Russia, a major supplier of European energy, is vehemently opposed to their bids.
Source www.detensenews.com
Sri Lanka takes back
Pooneryn
The sri lanka army recaptured Pooneryn on 15 november, after the northern coastal village had for years been a staging area for artillery attacks on die government held Jaffna peninsula by the rebel Liberation Tigers o (Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
This military gain in the campaign against the LTTE will bring a number of benefits, chief among them being the resumption of a land-based supply route from mainland sri lanka to the northern peninsula through the resumption of a ferry service that existed two decades ago between Pooneryn, across the Jaffna Lagoon, to Karativu.
The racapture of Pooneryn by the army's Task Force 1, which will ultimately form the 58th division, puts the entire western coast of Sri Lanka under the control of the country's security.
Source Janes Defense Weekly