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Songs of humanism

Bauls from West Bengal perform in Dhaka

Jamil Mahmud
The High Commission of India in Dhaka in association with Indian Council for Cultural Relations arranged an evening of 'baul' songs at the National Theatre Hall, ! Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy on November 4. Madhusudan Baul and his troupe from West Bengal, India performed at the programme.
Adviser to the Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Rasheda K. Chowdhury and Indian High Commissioner Pinak Ranjan Chakravarty spoke prior to the programme. Rasheda K. Chowdhury was the chief guest.
Dressed in 'gerua' attire and a 'khamak' in hand, Madhusudan came on the stage with his troupe .and started with the song ".Ohey dirio-bandhu." The next sbngwas "Allah1, Hari, Raam." The song addresses inter-religious harmony. Historically, bauls have been advocating this progressive idea of secularism. Madhusudan's renditions were not away from
that philosophy. "Bauls do not want divisions among human beings," said Madhusudhan at the programme.
Ashok Das, who played 'dotara' alongside Madhusudan at the programme, rendered a couple of songs including "Norakarey gharey berai" arid "Madirta-T£yelo Muhammad." The latter is a Lalon song. Madhusudhan too rendered a song of Lalon — "Dubley porey ratan pabi." Apart from Ashok, Kanu Parikkhit and Jayanti Das accompanied Madhusudan on
'dhoi' and 'mandira' respectively. Jayanti Das also rendered a song "Aamar bondhu roilo kon deshey."
The baul tradition of rural Bengal draws spiritual inspiration from four major sources -- Islam, Sufism, Vaishnavism and Tantric philosophy. This mystic cult's popularity formed a folk religion that follows a unique spiritual and philosophical discipline expressed through songs of Lalan Shah.
Scholars date the emergence of hauls to 6th century AD, initiated by the Vaishanvite mystic Mahaprabhu Chaitanyadeva. Chaitanyadeva was the follower of poet Jaydeva, the author of the "Geet Govinda."
Madhusudan Baul was born in the village of Kosigram of Bardhaman district, West Bengal. His father was his first mentor and later he took lessons from Purnachandra Das Baul, Devdas Baul and Harekrishna Das Baul. Alongside baul songs, Madhusudan also performs Bengali folk songs belonging to other genres.
At the programme he rendered a couple of popular folk songs such as"Piriti kanthal-er aatha
Madhusudan has a wide repertoire of songs that sources lessons from everyday life — teaching people to differentiate between right and wrongpHe' sings baul sorigs based on the "deha tatwa" philosophy that has direct references to the human body ("deha") used as an allegory.
The baul ended the programme with his own composition "Ekta kh arar p etey tattu gh o ra".