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Timeline

The Guardian Online
1237-40 - Mongols invade Russia, forcing Ossetians to migrate south over the Caucasus mountains to present-day Georgia.
1918 Georgia declares independence following the Russian revolution.
1990-91 South Ossetia declares its intentions to secede, leading to more clashes.
1991 The Soviet Union collapses.
1992 South Ossetians vote in favour of independence in an unrecognised referendum.
November 1993 - South Ossetia drafts its own constitution.
November 1996 - South Ossetia elects its first president.
December 2001 - South Ossetia elects wrestling champion Eduard Kokoity as president in unrecognised elections.
2002 Kokoity asks Moscow to recognise the republic's independence and absorb it into Russia.
2003 The Georgian president, Eduard Shevardnadze, is toppled in the rose revolution.
2004 - Mikhail Saakashvili wins Georgian presidential election and declares his intentions to bring breakaway regions of South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Ajaria back into the fold.
2006 - South Ossetians vote overwhelmingly in favour of independence from Tbilisi in an, unrecognised referendum.
October 2007 - Talks hosted by the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe between Georgia and Sou th Ossetia break down.
March 2008 - South Ossetia asks the world to recognise its independence from Georgia.
March 2008 - Georgia's bid to join Nato prompts Russia's parliament to urge the Kremlin to recognise the independence of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
April 2008 - South Ossetia rejects a Georgian power-sharing deal and insists on full independence.
August 2008 - Fighting breaks out between Georgian and separatist South Ossetian forces.