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Poor nations face debt woes with ageing population: IMF

REUTERS, Jackson Hole, Wyo
The problems that rich nations face in preparing for a surge of older citizens pale beside those of poorer countries that carry big debts, a senior International Monetary Fund official said Friday.
"Most of these countries are starting from a much less comfortable base," Anne Krueger, the IMF's first deputy managing director, told a Federal reserve symposium in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.
"They are grappling with fiscal and other macroeconomic pressures that would be daunting even without demographic change," Krueger said,
adding that the global lender has been trying to impress a sense of urgency on them.
"They do not have the breathing space that the delayed demographic changes might imply," she added. "They need to take remedial action now to establish much sounder fiscal positions at a time when the global economic environment is unusually benign."
Demographics, or the study of population change and specifically how to reform health and retirement systems to prepare for a growing proportion of older citizens, is the theme of this year's gathering of global central bankers.
some participants noted that an additional challenge for poorer coun-
tries arose from the fact that their youngest and brightest citizens often migrated to industrial nations where they earned more, creating a "brain drain" at home.
Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan said earlier on Friday that Us lawmakers needed to move swiftly on measures, including possibly raising the age for full social security benefits, in the face of rising budget deficits.
Krueger said many emerging-market economies of the type that borrow from the IMF run debt levels well in excess of those in industrial countries and have not taken advantage of current low interest rates and global expansion to reduce debt levels.
she noted that the issue of a rising
older population is more frequently associated with developed countries but that, in fact, it is also a significant challenge for emerging economies.
Krueger said India, which is not a borrower from the IMF, has a budget deficit that exceeds 10 percent of its national output and called that "a cause for considerable concern."
But Turkey, one of the IMF's biggest borrowers, has a surplus of over 6 percent and Brazil, which is the largest borrower from the IMF, has committed itself to a primary surplus target of 4.25 percent that should get its budget into balance by the end of the decade, Krueger said.