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Profile of France
Area
550.000 sq.km
Largest country in Western Europe (almost one fifth of the total area of the European Union), with a vast maritime zone (exclusive economic zone extending over 1 1 million sq. km).
Relief
Plains cover two thirds of the total area. Principal mountain ranges: the Alps (of which the highest peak. Mont Blanc, rising to 4.807 metres. Is the highest mountain in Western
Europe). Pyrenees, Jura. Ardennes, Massif Central and Vosges.
Coastline. Bordered by four seas (North Sea. Channel. Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean). France has 5.500 km ot coastline Climate
Three types:
Oceanic In the west
Mediterranean in the south
Continental in central and eastern France Environment
Farms and forests cover 48 million hectares, i.e 82% of the total area of metropolitan France. Some 27% of French territory is covered by forests, ranking France third in the European Union in forest land, behind Sweden and Finland. France boasts 136 different kinds of trees — exceptional for a European country — and the number of large animals is on the rise: in 20 years, the deer population has doubled and the number of roe deer has tripled.
In order to conserve and develop France's natural heritage, the government has established
six national parks. 128 nature reserves, 430 designated ureas for protected species and 299 protected coastal areas. France also has 29 regional nature parks covering more than 7% of the connin'
145 billion francs (22.1 I billion euros) are allocated to the protection of the environment
2.480 francs per inhabitant Three quarters of this goes on waste water management and waste disposal.
France Is party to many international treaties and conventions concerning (he environment. among them United Nations agreements on climate, biodiversity and desertification.
Population
60.4 million (2000)
Density: 107 Inhabitants per sq. km
France has 52 urban areas with over 150.000 inhabitants with a total population of 30 million; the five largest are: Urban areas Population in 1999
I Paris 10.6 million
2 Lyon 1.6 million
3 Marscillc-Alx-en-