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Air Force One
THE president has at his disposal a small fleet of Air Force jets, and whichever one he Is aboard becomes Air Force One. The official Air Force One that the president uses most often is one of two Boeing 747-2OOBs. Jets that in 1989 superseded the aging Boeing 707 as the president's official airplane.
The new Air Force One carries seventy passengers and a crew of twenty-three. Within, the president has an office and a private bedroom where he can withdraw to shower or nap The jet also has a conference room, a guest area, several work stations equipped with computers, space for reporters, medical facilities. and a kitchen. Amenities Include a stereo system, televisions, movie screens, and playing cards embossed with the presidential seal and the words "Aboard Air Force One."
Air Force One was designed to be both luxurious and secure H even was built with special protection against electromagnetic pulses from a nuclear ex-I plosion. The plane has an elab-I orate communications system I that allows the president to I make contact with people all
over the globe. Somewhere aboard Air Force One is a compartment for the "black box" that contains the secret codes for the president In case of a military crisis.
When presidents first became airborne, the Army Air Corps, the predecessor of trie US Air Force, took It rightful place as air chauffeur to the commander in chief. The Air Force has continued to be In charge of selecting and piloting presidential planes. The first official presidential plane, used by Franklin Roosevelt for one trip in 1945, was a US Air Corps Douglas C-54 Skymaster cargo plane. President Harry Truman flew often in this plane, which was nicknamed Sacred Cow by reporters. In 1947. the official presidential plane was upgraded to a Douglas Aircraft DC-6 passenger liner. Named the Independence after Truman's hometown in Missouri. Ute plane was equipped with weather radar, long-range flight capability, ana a tele-type system that allowed the president to stay in touch with Washington even when he was 3.000 miles away.
President Dwight Elsenhower's first official plane was a
Lockheed Constellation 749 named Columbine II after his personal military craft during World War II and the state flower of his wife's home state. Colorado. Because of rapidly advancing aviation technology, the plane was replaced In 1954 by Columbine III. a Lockheed 1049C Super-Constellation. On a whirlwind, elghtcen-day tour of eleven countries In 1959, Elsenhower chose not to use Columbine 111 and became the first president to travel by Jet.
The distinction of becoming the first president to travel regularly by jet went to John F Kennedy. Assigned a propeller-driven Douglas Viscount VC-118A by the Air Force. Kennedy preferred the new. and much faster, Boeing 707. which he received in 1962. Previous presidential aircraft had been military In appearance, but famed industrial designer Raymond Loewy, along with Jacqueline Kennedy, created an elegant blue and white exterior motif that Is still in use today. That plane, along with a newer 707 added in the early 1970s, remained the president's official aircraft until the 747s arrived In 1989.