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Science in Light of Al- Quran

By Mohd Naved Ferdaus Iqbal
Islam claims to have given the most d priceless gilt to the entire mankind for all time to come. It Is "Peace", however the piesenl Muslim world just happens to posses quite an opposite state of affairs. There are many reasons why such is so and an in-depth analysis of that is likely to bring in political outlooks and ethnic differences. Besides, the subject of the article has got nothing to do with it. But it must not be forgotten that Islam has set the best example of a healthy socio-economic reformation when it introduced itself.
Islam is a "Dein” or a socio-economic system comprising an orderly society, a healthy economy and a well-to-do nation as a whole. Islam brought a renaissance by totally abolishing the age of darkness or the Ayyam-e Jahlia. The establishment of Dein during the Islamic renaissance was possible because of a formal constitution, which was later compiled in a book. That constitution was the Holy Quran. It was after the descent of the Quran that the rate of scientific innovation for betterment was accelerated. This implies the fact that the Holy Quran actually consisted of many verses, which denote scientific laws, and how they could supplement better living. Science imparts material knowledge and Quran teaches the ethics of using that knowledge: the Quran simply hints those who posses the "Um" to Reflect on nature and come up with new innovations for the betterment of mankind.
Hast thou not seen that God sent water down from the sky and led it through sources into the ground? Then he caused sown fields of different colours to grow. (39:21)
The above verse tells about the water cycle . the knowledge of which was prevalent at the time of Quran, about more than 1500 years ago, however it was not until 16th century that Bernard Palissy first gained the coherent description of the water cycle. It was then we came to know that the infiltration of rainwater is actually responsible for underground lakes that feed springs.
It is He who created the night and the day. and the sun and the moon: all the celestial bodies swim along each in its rounded course. (Sura Ambiyya; Verse 33)
The night and the day are caused by astronomical rotation. In this verse, Allah discloses the fact that all the planets move in its orbit. Here "swimming" gives the idea of motion. This verse is in agreement with highly detailed modem scientific ideas and yet at the time Quran was revealed, the astronomical knowledge necessary to infer such idea was not there.
Do not the unbelievers see that the heavens and earth were joined together as one unit of creation, before We clove them asunder? We made from water every thing. Will they not then believe? (Sura Ambiyya: Verse 30).
The above verse is very much in resemblance to the theory of Big Bang. Crudely saying, an infinite point in the Universe gradually expanded throwing off planets from vast
quantities of diffused nebular matter by nuclear fusion and fission of which the central condensed core is the sun. It was Hubble in 1929 who concluded that the Universe was expanding and all the galaxies were moving away from each other
The fact that life is of aquatic origin is clearly mentioned in the above verse. About 72 per cent of the surface of the globe is full of water and as such, all life began in the water is a conclusion to which the latest knowledge in biological science indicates. But yet at the time of the Holy Quran, it is quite astonishing that the book contained facts, which were proven after such long years of civilized evolution.
Still another fascinating example of the Quranic style in the presentation of facts in an eye opening matter can be found in verse 96:2, which refers to the creation of man from alaq (that which clings) within the mother s womb. The sequential phases in the development of human being from an embryonic stage to a full-grown fetus have been mentioned in Sura Al-Muminum. Incidentally, embryology is a very
recent discipline which has been developed over a period of not morethan 100 years
Nevertheless, the birth of Jesus Christ without a father involved a process, which is not ill founded by the modem science. The process is called Parthenogenesis. It is actually a modified form of sexual reproduction by the development of an egg without its being fertilized by a sperm. Such potentiality of the ovum to develop further without fertilization can be released experimentally by a variety of mechanical, chemical and physio-chemical means. Occasionally in plant kingdoms, individual pioddction by a single parent is observed and also rarely in animal kingdom among the lower species.
It is Allah who takes the souls of men at death and of those who are in their sleep. He keeps that soul for which He ordained death and the rest He sends back to their bodies for a term appointed. Verily in this are Signs for those who reflect. (39:42).
Since the soul is still beyond human comprehension, scientific analysis and experiments, present day knowledge is not enough to explain this verse
There happens to be no ending as to scientific versatility of the Holy Quran. There are still many verses, which appear to be indicating some thing new and hard to explain. This however is because the progress of science so far is inadequate to explain the verse from the point of view of science. Besides, if we look at the progress of science, we see that this progress has been phenomenal. Only 50 years back, the household transistor did not even exist. Moreover. 60 years ago. DNA was not identified. And yet 1400 years back, the Holy Quran speaks of scientific facts and paradoxes, which is indeed astonishing. What modem man has learnt is a tiny part of what is yet to be learnt and hence there is no justification to draw any inference regarding any verse of the Quran which modern science can’t explain at present.