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Global campaign making progress in limiting spread of Hepatitis B
MADRID, Nov 23: An aggressive global vaccination campaign to fight Hepatitis B, which kills more than a million people worldwide each year, is making progress in limiting the spread of the viral disease. experts said, reports AFP.
The surge in Hepatitis B in the last aecade. which like other forms of hepatitis causes inflammation of the liver, prompted a group of experts to band together in 1992 to form the Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board (VHPB).
Their alm was to back recommendations by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in hepatitis prevention and treatment.
The group met this week in Madrid to assess five years of efforts, notably in Europe where nearly one million people continue to get Infected each year by this virus. 90.000 become chronic carriers and 24,000 die.
Earlier this decade, the WHO — looking ahead — urged countries to integrate a vaccination against Hepatitis B into their national vaccination programmes as of 1997.
In 1994. the WHO then launched a global challenge —
to reduce by 80 per cent new cases of carriers of the virus among children by the year 2001. Recalled Mark Kane, physician, member of the VHPB and the medical officer responsible for WHO World Vaccination Programme against all forms of hepatitis, based In Geneva.
Victims of the disease generally experience nausea, fever, weakness, loss of appetite and Jaundice. Outright prevention — via vaccinations — is considered the best approach for this tenacious virus than can land a victim in bed for up to eight weeks and. in some cases, weakened for up to a year.
Six years after the WHO recommendations to states to implement national anti-hepatitis injection programmes, more than 90 countries around the globe have heeded this advice and now urge systematic preventive vaccination of all children and adolescents, the VHPB experts said.
Overall, these countries account for about 40 per cent of the 145 million babies born each year on the planet, and about 60 per cent of the 350 million carriers of the virus worldwide
Kane told AFP he was "optimistic" that the goal would be reached to reduce the number of children carriers of the disease by 2001 and that "great progress" had already been registered worldwide.
Five per cent of the world's population, or some 350 million people, are chronic carriers of Hepatitis B after being exposed themselves and threaten to pass it on to others, notably through sexual contact.
A quarter of these chronic carriers develop serious liver problems, either chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver or Ifver cancer.
The vaccination of newborns, born to mothers who are carriers of the virus, is administered in hopes that the infants will not become chronic Hepatitis B carriers. Without this, 70 to 90 per cent of them will.
In Europe, in 1993 Italy was the first and only-country to launch into a generalised antiHepatitis B vaccination programme. Today, the number has grown to 28 countries. In both Eastern and Western Europe. have either already Implemented or are starting such a programme. Kane said.