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’Refugees from Africa to Bosnia require increased action by UN’
UNITED NATIONS. May 22: From Central Africa to Bosnia, the plight of refugees has worsened in recent years and requires increased action by the United Nations, diplomats said Wednesday, reports AP.
The UN Security Council held a special meeting to address the problems of refugees and the dangers to aid workers trying to protect them. Speakers urged the council to move consistently in conflicts involving refugees and intervene with military force when necessary
French Ambassador Alain Dejanimet criticized the council for failing to send a multinational force to Zaire — now the Democratic Republic of Congo — last November to help aid Rwandan Hutu refugees.
The council approved the mission but never deployed troops after many — but not all — refugees returned home to Rwanda on their own
"France deplored that fact at the time and we warned of the consequences.' Dejammet said. Today these consequences are now apparent They are over-whelming
Congo's new leader. Laurent Kabila, has come under criticism for his treatment of refugees during the country's eight month civil war. The United Nations repeatedly requested that he provide humanitarian workers access to the refugees.
Kabila proclaimed himself president and renamed Zaire the Democratic Republic of Congo on Saturday alter former dictator Mobutu Sese Seko fled the country.
Aid groups have accused Kabila's army of killing and intimidating refugees and local groups.
In Congo, problems of access were compounded by the presence ol arms in the refugee ramps US Ambassador Bill Richardson said humanitarian agencies should not lie shielding combatants.
"It has become increasingly difficult in some cases to distinguish legitimate refugees from parties to the conflict." he said The tendency of human! tartan agencies has been to give persons fleeing their country the benefit of the doubt "
The problems are becoming more complex as the number of
refugees around the world increases. Soren Jessen-Petersen, director of the UN High Commission for Refugees, said.
He said UNHCR currently is responsible for 26 million refugees and other displaced people, compared with 15 million people in 1990.
Civilians often are intentionally being targeted — not Just caught in the middle of con Diets, he said The United Nations estimates that 80 per cent of people in need of protection are women and children.
"Many conflicts pit one group against another.' Jessen-Petersen said. Those fleeing are often an explosive mix of the defeated government and army, sometimes still armed, as well as innocent women and children."
British Ambassador John Weston also said the Security Council should give humanitarian missions clear mandates. Previous operations have shown that a force has to be properly equipped and may require heavily armed peacekeepers. he said.
All too often we have asked the military to do the Impossible and failed to give them the
resources they need," Weston
South Korea's foreign minis ter. Yoo Chong Ha. said the council's involvement in humanitarian operations should be more efficient.
"So far the council's reaction has varied and has involved a certain amount ol trial and error. he said
Relief workers also have been targets of attacks. Richardson cited recent attacks on humanitarian workers, including shootings of UN staffers In Sirra Leone, the killings of human rights monitors in Rwanda the hostage taking of aid workers in Tajikistan in February and the slayings of Red Cross workers in Chechnya in December.
Several speakers said the Security Council should follow up on crimes against refugees and aid workers, including sanctions against countries that harbour perpetrators. Swedish Ambassador Peter Os-vald said an international court could help hold those who commit crimes against refugees responsible
Impunity should not be ac cepted." he said.