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Delay in Syrian pullback may plunge Beirut into strife again
BEIRUT, Lebanon. Sept 22: Syria is dragging its feet over withdrawing its army from Beirut and other coastal cities, fueling a political crisis that many fear could rekindle sectarian hostilities, reports AP.
Under a 1989 Arab League-brokered peace treaty, in which the Syrians were given virtual stewardship of Lebanon in return for pacifying it, they were to withdraw to the Bekaa Valley in eastern Lebanon two years after political reforms were ratified.
Those reforms, giving Muslims and equal share of power with the long-dominant Christians, were endorsed by Lebanon's parliament September 24. 1990.
But President Hafez Assad, despite US urging, is apparently reluctant to withdraw as agreed. Syria has had about 40,000 troops in Lebanon since 1976, when they moved in ostensibly as a peacekeeping
force.
A Syrian failure to abide by the treaty could cause tension triggered by Lebanon's divisive parliamentary elections earlier this month to boil over Into renewed sectarian violence. Assad also risks a serious rift with the United States, which wants a Syrian pullback as soon as possible.
Arab diplomats and analysts believe Syria will withdraw from Beirut and the coast to the Bekaa by the end of the year. But the sources say Damascus will probably retain control of northern Lebanon and port of Tripoli, Lebanon's second largest city, indefinitely.
The boundaries of a Syrian redeployment are poorly defined tn the 1989 treaty and the Syrians stress that Tripoli and neighboring Akkar province are not covered by it.
Syria has a longstanding claim to Tripoli, where the
850.000 population is dominated by Sunni Muslims. Akkar is home to 50,000 Alawite Muslims who traditionally owe allegiance to Syria.
There are widespread fears that Syria's allies will carry out car bombings and kidnappings to demonstrate what will happen If the Syrians leave.
Lebanon's security forces, badly fractured during the civil war and still being restructured, are considered Incapable of maintaining order on their own.
Sectarian tension has risen alarmingly since Damascus insisted President Elias Hrawi's Syrian-backed government in Beirut hold parliamentary elections.
Electoral districts were redrawn so that the new parliament would be packed with Syrian supporters, who would endorse a government that would be in Assad's pocket.
The balloting, the first In
Lebanon for two decades, sharpened sectarian differences and has left Hrawis government with little credibility. Maronite Christians, who arc losing their traditional hold on power, are the main voice clamouring for a withdrawal by the Syrians, who they view as an occupying army
Sunny Muslims, too. would like to see the Syrians go. But their elder statesman, former premier Sacb Salem, said in a recent television interview: The Syrians should stay because the security vacuum they'll leave behind carries the risk of being Riled by the militias. which means another round of civil war.
There are many who fear that with the country gripped by its worst political crisis since the war. Syria will now cite the turmoil as a pretext for not withdrawing this month.