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UN and Peace
The observance of the International Day of Peace, like many such days and decades, has be come ritualistic Since 1981. the opening of the United Nations General Assembly every year has been observed as the International Day of Peace highlighting the importance of peace and stability for a better world to live in. Tnis year, however, the UNGA session suddenly finds itself placed in a situation unrecognisable from what it was Just before the end of the cold war Given this uniqueness of the time, a completely new set of relations between and among states and different approaches to the existing problems ought to be in order
A turning point of history, the disappearance of the threat of the cold war from the world scene has Indeed set into motion certain new forces necessitating the review of the earlier world order With the rise in localised and ethnic tensions. frictions and even neo-raclal sentiments in parts of the world, the UN is set on course of asserting its role tn a more constructive manner than it has so far played. The disintegration of the Soviet Union has certainly left the world body somewhat unbalanced and the consequent outcome of this process to be both highly positive as well as negative for the world Positive, in the sense that the UN can play an effective peacekeeping role in the feuds throughout the world; and negative, tn the sense that the balancing power will be always missing
Notwithstanding the fact that the chances of the globe going perilously close to annihilating itself nave become slim, it ts as yet far from being perfect Just at this moment, disharmony, turmoil. tension, bitter feuds and hatred between nations and ethnic groups or races have been threatening the establishment of a just and peaceful order in the world. From Bosnia-Herzegovina to Myanmar to South Africa to Georgia, a former Soviet republic, it is the same story of tension running high. There are other candidates to deserve UN mediation for a lasting peace In a number of regions. Even Cambodia's transition to a peaceful order has proved frustrating and at times traumatic. Somalia’s is yet another case of both internal turmoil and almost unprecedented famine demanding political will and at the same time international aid for adequately addressing the dual problems.
It is precisely at this point that the UN role as a peace-keeper vis-a-vis a development agency should come under scrutiny. There is a feeling, specially in the less developed part of the world, that the increasing occupation of the UN in peace-keeping will leave the development Issues on the back burner. If new realities have forced upon the UN the political compulsions of reassessing Its role — as Is evidenced by the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) stress on the removal of veto power enjoyed by the five UN member countries — there is enough scope, specially in the context of the world getting divided into economic blocs, for prioritising the development areas. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks, now bogged down, should be revived to play their due role.
Apparently, though, the straight-cut solution to the world s economic woes, according to many, is the rechanelllng of resources from the defence to development, the real'business however will be highly complicated and a real challenge. We are concerned abput how the UNGA deals with the emerging situation to strike a balance between the two. We also strongly feel that the UN ought to put more emphasis on development issues so that, for instance, the famine in Somalia is brought into focus and the international community come forward with aid to help save the famine victims. As for Bangladesh, a more active role by way of pushing the NAM resolutions is what it should play at the UNGA.