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Brain drain—another dimension of Somalia s agony
MOGADISHU. Sept 4. As Dr Awcys Omar entered the emergency room, filled with bloodied victims of the latest fighting, he bemoaned the lack of skilled help, reports AP
"We had 20 doctors here last year, now we have only eight. All our best people are leav Ing. said Awcys. the chief surgeon al Digfer Hospital." There Is a terrible bruin drain In Somalia." he said
That was last month. Awcys has since gone to Saudi Arabia, cutting the staff to seven
Somalia's few professionals have used their wealth to escape the devastating war and famine - an exodus that has robbed the country of those needed to rebuild it.
In the country's chaotic slate, it Is Impose! ble to determine what percentage of skilled, educated Somalis have fled. but some experts say It could be close to half
"Many have left Those who have remained don't have much to do All the institutions they need to function are gone." said Selfulaziz Milas, a Mozambican consultant to the UN Children's Fund. UNICEF
Doctors don't have enough medicine and they arc nt being paid There are no schools for the teachers. Merchants had their stores looted, and the fighting obliterated the commercial heart of Mogadishu, the capital
Annalena Tonclli. an Italian charity worker who has spent 23 years caring for Somalis, Is desperate for trained staff at the hospital, clinic, school and feeding center she runs at Mcrca. a seaside town south of Mogadishu
"I would pay anybody to work here, but there are no qualified people.' she said
Rich or poor. Somalis want out of the nightmare that has engulfed their country, leaving two million In danger of starvation.
Some one million Somalis already have fled, mostly to neighbouring Ethiopia and Kenya,
where they are tolerated but hardly welcome. Most live In squalid refugee camps.
Those with a little money have paid for a boat ride to Yemen, across the Gulf of Aden. Yemen has barred some boats from docking and some sailing boats have sunk and the passengers drowned.
Those with more money manage to find their way to comfortable refuge In Kenya. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Europe and elsewhere.
For those with skills and connections, one of the most popular destinations is Canada, which has absorbed some 40,000 Somali refugees over the past three years.
The professionals who have stayed behind have had to scramble to make a living. Some have set up small stalls in the informal markets, the only part of the economy still functioning. Others work as drivers, interpreters or security guards for international aid groups, virtually the only way one can draw a regular salary.
During the Cold War, Somalia received large aid payments from the Soviet Union and later from the United States. But with that rivalry over, the Horn of Africa nation has virtually no prospect of finding a patron to provide the huge amount of assistance that will be needed for reconstruction.
And unless the country can rebuild, more of its talented people are certain to leave and few
36. an aid agency employee who has permanent resident status in the United States, as well as the money to leave Somalia any time he wants.
He decided to stay after dictator Mohammad Siad-Barre was overthrown in January 1991 because T thought I would have the chance to help build a better country.
"Unfortunately, things haw fallen apart and I don't know when they'll gel belter." said Hassan, who worked in the So null I Foreign Ministry.
"I've got to think about my future.' said Hassan, adding that he may leave at the end of the year. "It's no life going on like this forever."
Another AP story says: At 40. Hawa Hirab has buried a husband and seven children in the last two years.
After an armed gang look everything she had a year ago. and after her six-year old son starved in July, I lirab gave up.
She took her four surviving children, two also on the verge of starvation, and began a desperate trek out of Somalia.
With her came a 25-year-old friend. Hawa Ibrahim, also a widow, and her four children. She was cleaned out in the same bandit raid that cost Hlrab's family everything.
The gunmen left a few animals. But soon they were gone-some eaten, some starved
The wretched Hirab and Ibrahim survivors crossed together into Kenya, to the promise of -*food, shelter and peace.
Nasir Fernandes, a Kenyan official in the office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, asked the women why and how they fled their county.
They heard by the Jungle telegraph there was food here," Fernandes said "They walked along the big main road, the vehicle road, for 12 days?
And that's how Hirab and Ibrahim became statistics in a drama the world thinks of tn terms of tons of relief food delivered and dally tolls of dead.
Even their arrival Tuesday was a statistic: 38 famllicB, 156 people two of the lowest daily totals in months.
What is happening In Somalia results largely
from 21 years of misrule during the Cold War by Mohammad Siad Barre and the current anarchy that followed his ouster Jan 26.1991.
But to the viclfms-pcoplc like Hirab and Ibrahim — it's loo complex to understand.
Who is responsible. Ibrahim was asked, as she and Hirab stood beneath a leafless acacia tree on the safe side of a )OO-mctcr (330-foot) no-man's land between Kenya and Somalia.
Is it Siad Barre? The warlords who replaced him?
'I don't know who brought this trouble," Ibrahim said through Fernandes' translation. "I think God brought it."
Why would God do that?
"God knows," she said.
Both women tried to work their farms after their husbands died. They said they knew there was no hope after the bandits came.
But even if the gunmen had left seed to plant, the women said they probably wouldn't have bothered.
'll would have been pointless to plant because of the war and famine." Ibrahim said. "It all would have been looted during the harvest."
Hirab, her emaciated year-old daughter Hiba at her breast, agreed." Whatever food comes there, it's always looted.''
The two families Joined others among the most severely malnourished of the day's ar rivals aboard a blue flatbed cattle truck leased by UNHCR for the five-mile (nine-kilometre) trip to their new temporary home, a camp at Libel, Kenya
On such trucks, Kenyan drivers often paint little messages on their mud flaps to people driving behind them
The message on this truck said; "I don't know why."