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Environment or development: A tough choice for Third World
JAKARTA. May 30 Asias poor nations are in a plight that highlights the global dilemma facing world leaders at next week's Earth Summit in Brazil, reports Reuter
They demand the right to industrialise, to haul themselves out of mass poverty, but say they cannot avoid destroy ing the environment in the process unless they get help
"For us in India the most important issue in any environment conference is naturally the issue of poverty and development." said Kamal Nath, India's Environment Minister, In New Delhi.
The Earth Summit — for mally the UN Conference on Environment and Development — begins on June 3 in Rio de Janeiro For many in the Industrialised world, the emphasis is on the environment, but the slant Is different for the poor.
There is a kind of anti-de v^opment attitude with regard to the environment," Indonesia'* Environment and Population Minister Emfl Salim said tn an interview
It is I think wrong ... what | bothers me the most Is that this whole issue of environ-
ments not seen within the framework of development.
"Development with environment considerations, that is the crucial issue."
Some in Asia — the world's most populous continent, with the fastest-growing economies and a large percentage of its plants and wildlife — feel the summit could turn into an event in which the Third World comes under attack,
with little money forthcoming to help the poor develop their economies.
In general, the developing nations feel wealthier countries, with only 10 per cent of the earth's population, are responsible for most of the pollution but do not really take to heart the problems facing the Third World
They warn that they have to Industrialise to raise up their
billions of poor and hungry but that the cost and technical know-how to make it environmentally sound must come from advanced countries and international institutions.
The developed countries are worried about over-popula-tlon and its effect on the environment and the earth's resources." said Nath.
"It's all very well for them. " he added. "But they must
look beyond their air-condl-tloner cars and homes and remember the poor in devel oping countries to whom a head-load of firewood may mean the difference between getting a meql for the entire family or having to go without one."
Malaysia's Prime Minister Mahthlr Mohammed was so irritated at the prospect of being picked on at the summit about
his country's logging activities that he initially threatened not to go to Rio.
Malaysia is worried, in particular. that the United Sates will use the summit to force a treaty, or convention, on forests.
"It is easy for the US to call for such a convention because most of its forests are gone," Malaysia's Primary Industries Minister Lim Keng Yaik said.
Though Nath said there was no question of India indulging in US bashing at the summit. Washington has already become a target of anger, accused of being more concerned with its internal politics than saving the globe.
Emil, despairing that any real substance would emerge from the summit, accused President George Bush of lacking the vision to sec beyond November's US Presidential elections and the need to pre serve Job* rather tan tackle emission of globe-warming carbon dioxide.
"I would tell President Bush, (why) should vou give up the whole future of the globe for only ■ few months of do- I mestic politicking?" he said.
The United States has come under sharp criticism for demanding watered down language in a treaty on global warming to be signed at the summit.
Emil, who was trained in the United States, wants free transfer of technology so poor countries can make use of alternatives to fossil fuel, help with financing efforts to curb poverty and use of natural resources, and foreign debt relief.
He also wants International institutions that will really make sure that development and environment are not separated.
The developed countries ask that we maintain our forests a* a sink base (to suck carbon dioxide from the air) but don't vie alternative* to how we should develop." he said " This makes me mad."
"All the burden is being carried by the developing countries. There Is no technofogy transfer no substations of fossil fuel... and no reduction of Greenhouse, gases "
Emil added: "Developed countries are In first class and I'm In economy. But the plane Is crashing."