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AN ENCOURAGING RECORD
*** IN OPTING FOR GRANTS, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL COOPERATlOxN HAS SATISFIED REAL iNEEDS FOR WHICH OTHER INTERNATIONAL AID OFFERS LITTLE COVERAGE. ***
THREE ALMS ACHIEVED
After 14 years of development cooperation, the Community has enough Information lo evaluate its action in the light of the needs ot the ALA developing countries and of its own aims.
The record, overall, is a positive one and there are three reasons for this.
o The Community has been able to go beyond its privileged relations with the ACP and Mediterranean countries and extend its cooperation lo all the developing countries of the world.
So the "European presence" is now a fail accompli In almost all the developing nations — which was what the Member States of the Community were aiming at
o The operational targels — better agricultural production and development of the rural sector In the broadest meaning ot the term, a higher standard of living for the poorest and practical encouragement for regional integration — have all been attained.
Financial and technical cooperation, supplemented by the food aid which the Commission provides direct, has met the obvious needs of the developing countries of Latin America and Asia, particularly the poorest of them.
o Community aid has been Implemented efficiently overall, in spite of the teething troubles which were partly due to the Commission s initial lack of experience in these counlries-themselves. by definition unfamiliar with Community aid.
FOUR POSSIBLE IMPROVEMENTS
In this publication, wc have seen how the Community's political will has been put Into practical effect. It would also have been extremely instructive to see how this developed over the period, as the living story would have shown how this policy managed to keep aid lo the poorest people firmly in its sights, show flexibility and Improve its methods of action and listen to the recipients more from year to year.
But there Is still room for improvement, as the needs are still Immense.
Schematically, there are four possible improvements.
o Although there is no point in expecting spectacular change In development, the Community has realized that aid payments could and should be speeded up. On average, projects and programmes run over the period 1976-89 finished six to eight years after the funds were committed.
So only half the available funds have In fact been spent so far and the balance is still at the disposal of projects
This is partly due to a desire lo leave an indelible Imprint, to have an effect on the quality of the recipients' everyday life, which means defining and carrying out rural development projects which lake a number of years.
And II has to be admitted that it is also due lo unavoidable administrative slowness, in both ihe recipient countries and the Community.
In some eases, a sluggish rate of payment may interfere with the effectiveness of a protect, because Inevitable fiuctuations in the world economy can then well reduce the economic effect.
So. as there can be no question of abandoning the projects and programmes of which the Community now has positive (and sometimes original) experience, quick disbursing schemes have lo be developed more and run as often as possible.
• The various components of financial and technical cooperation have to be Integrated better, rather as other cooperation policies (the Lome Convention, the renewed Mediterranean policy and so on) use a combination of different instruments to achieve the same alm
Structural food aid, for example, has to be provided In harmony with the financial and technical cooperation
igrtcultural production support projects. And if these are to do with export crops, say. then they have to take the Stabcx system of compensation for developing countries into account.
Advanced integration of the different instruments can only increase efficlerxy when ft comes to meeting clearly Identified needs, particularly since maximum impact has to be sought from what it still a relatively small volume of finance.
a This integration of existing means obviously has to be achieved outside the Community framework and particularly with the Member Slates, whose national cooperation policies arc In harmony with those described in this publication. So the complementarity and coordination of efforts, amounting to far more than the sum of the financial means, will help increase the European presence throughout the developing world.
o Although food aid as a percentage of resources allocated should decrease In some countries (particularity In Asia) which are making rapid progress towards self sufficiency in food, the needs of the ALA developing countries arc far from being satisfied.
Cooperation between the EEC and the ALA developing countries should therefore be improved, particularly since there will be demographic growth to cater for In the future and more countries will find the way to democracy and want lo benefit from financial and technical