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Constitution restrains President to dissolve Russian parliament
MOSCOW, Apr 19: The full scale Russian Parliament voted Saturday for a new Russian constitution restraining the . President from dissolving Parliament, reports AFP.
It approved a text providing for a Presidency which its au thor says would be akin to the US model, but threw out drafts which would have increased Presidential powers.
But supporters of President Borts Yeltsin persuaded the Congress of People's Deputies to refer a clause which provides for the separation of the powers of Parliament, the Judiciary and the executive back to committee for revision.
The Congress approved by 664 votes — 29 more than the two-thirds required the first point of a resolution which adopts the overall conception of constitutional reform and the principles of the constitutional draft approved by the Russian Parliament The Supreme Soviet.
The draft Is known as the Rumatntsev draft after Its main author, Oleg Rumaintsev, who has headed a Parliamentary committee working on the draft for the past 18 months
It has 140 articles and 24 chapters, and has already been amended once by the Supreme Soviet, the reduced Executive Parliament.
Rumaintsev says that his draft calls for a Presidential system more akin to the US model than a Parliamentary regime. Its first article — entitled the "sovereignty of the state" — stipulates that Russia is a sovereign, democratic, social and federal state based on the Rule Of Law.
And in Its second Article, the draft declares that man his life, his liberty, his honour and his dignity are supreme values In the Russian Federation.
The text of the draft adopted stipulates that the market economy will be Russlas' economic foundation.
The draft also states in what is being described as a concession to decentralisation that the citizens of the 20 autonomous regions of the Russian Federation may establish their own citizenship but that they will also remain citizens of the Federation.
Yeltsin had argued In Parliament for a new constitution replacing the 1977 constitution inherited from the Soviet Union which would redefine the state's right to intervene in the life of citizens.
The Rumaintsev draft also introduces political pluralism. It guarantees freedom of thought and faith, and In Article 69 declares that the state does not prefer one dogma above another.
Article seven states that economic activity will be free and that there will be diversity and equality of forms of property.