& çâÌæÚUæð´ ·¤è ¥ôÚU Îð¹Ùæ ÁæÚUè ÚU¹ð´ ¥ÍæüÌ ¥ÂÙð ÜÿØ ÂÚU ŠØæÙ ÚU¹ð´Ð ãæÚU Ù ×æÙð´, €UØô´ç·¤ ·¤æ× ·¤ÚUÙð âð ¥æÂ·¤ô ©gðàØ ·¤è Âýæç# ãôÌè ãñ ¥õÚU ÁèßÙ ·¤æ ¹æÜèÂÙ ÎêÚU ãôÌæ ãñÐ ÖÜð ãè ÁèßÙ ×ð´ ç·¤ÌÙè Öè ·¤çÆÙæ§ü €UØô´ Ù ¥æ°, çÁ™ææâæ ¥õÚU ©ˆâæã ÕÙæ° ÚU¹ð´Ð ŠØæÙ ÚU¹ð´, ÜÿØ ã×ðàææ ¥æÂ·Ô¤ Âæâ ãôÌð ãñ´ çÁ‹ãð´ ÂæÙð ·Ô¤ çÜ° ÂýØæâ ¥æÂ ·¤Öè Öè àæéM¤ ·¤ÚU â·¤Ìð ãñ´Ð

Non-aligned will Go for Changes at the UN

Michael Jansen writes from Larnaca, Cyprus
****The Non-aligned Movement was the product of the Cold War. As Cold War-dominated politics disappear the 103-member movement is reassessing its position. At a ministerial meeting called to discuss the new situation it was agreed to put the South's interests onto the global agenda by strengthening the UN. However, lack of strong leadership may render the movement ineffective.****
THE 103 member Non-
..
It* position tn International relation*. At a ministerial meeting just held here to discuss an action plan for the post-Cold War era. 53 of the 54 members present agreed that the movement should go on.
Delegates were aware that NAM has failed, particularly over the last decade, to make a significant Impact on world
Critics argue that the Movement has been unable to formulate common policies on problems of special concern to the developing countries. Some had even talked of dissolving the Movement.
But when Egypt a founder member, put forward the notion that NAM should merge with its offshoot, the Group of 77. on the ground that economic Issues were paramount, the other 53 members reacted with stunned silence They had come to Cyprus neither to praise nor to bury non-alignment.
The response was defensive. Many of the 170 delegates.-Including several of the 20 foreign ministers present suggested that Egypt was acting on behalf of the United States.
Washington has always subscribed to the opinion of Secretary of State John Foster Dulles that non-alignment, as equidistance between the US and Soviet poles. was ■immoral". And now that the US is the sole remaining pole, non-alignment is "immoral" because it Indicates a certain distancing from the Bush Administration’s "new world order".
Having agreed that NAM should survive the Larnaca meeting, members were asked to consider enrolling four of the former Soviet Central Asian Republics — Azerbaijan. Turkmenistan. Tadjikistan and Uzbekistan — as full members. Germany and China as "observers' and the Netherlands as a "guest" participant.
On the practical plane, del egates agreed that Indonesia should take over from the present chairman. Yugoslavia, which. because of Its own domestic problems, has allowed NAM to drift, rudderless, during Belgrade’s entire term in office.
To prevent a repetition of this situation, proposals to create a co-chairman or 'troika' of past, serving and future chairmen — like the European Community presidency — and for t)»e setting up of a permanent secretariat were put forward to be considered by the ministerial meet ing tn Ball In April and the autumn summit in Jakarta.
Bui neither multiple chairmanship nor a secretariat will provide NAM with leadership - a quality lacking ever since the last committed leader of the non-aligned. Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was assassinated in 1984 There Is no leader of her stature on the horizon and India, as the largest non-aligned country, has refused to take a leading role.
Delegates agreed to disagree about the Movement's role. Three distinct groupings emerged. The first, led by Egypt and Cyprus and including Indonesia and Syria, favours cooperation with the West.
The second comprises the countries which would like to confront the US but dare not do so because of economic and political vulnerability. The most Influential la India. Others Include Palestine. Zimbabwe and Algeria.
Algerian Foreign Minister ■.akhdar Brahimi spoke for both groupings when he urged NAM to take Washington's "new world order Into account" since its "superiority Is a fact.* These two groups stress NAM s role as a sori of trade union of the disadvantaged ■ engaged In collective bargaining over the world's resources with the affluent, advantaged Western powers
The third grouping consists of countries like Iran. Iran. Yemen. Cuba and Libya which Insist that NAM should. In the words of Iranian Foreign Minister Alt Akbar Velayati.
"confront the hegemony of the West ' Their object Is to use NAM as a shield against the US.
This group advocates that NAM adopt an aggressive anti-Western political stand In order to prevent the Impost Uon of Washington’s "order" on the non-aligned. Iraqi delegate Wasim Zahawi warned that this new "order" seemed to be characterised by "neo colonial Interventionism" rather than 'Internationalism' and .the rule of the law
No delegate al the meeting conceived of practicing non-alignment as Us founder. Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Intended: as the exercise of 'independence of judgement* in foreign policy rather than the established practice of 'equidistance* between the two Cold War power blocs
The present political focus of the non-aligned Is on the issue of nuclear proliferation, the development of weapons of mass destruction, human rights abuses and violation of democratic norms.
All NAM members consider outside intervention, particularly in these areas, as infringement of sovereignty and Interference In their Interna) affairs Their fear of Intervention In the name of the 'new world order* could compel them to come together to some purpose and to devise some practical measures for collective defence
The economic Issue which moat concerns the non aligned at this juncture Is the preoccupation of the West with the economies of eastern Europe ■nd the former Soviet Union Many developing eountrlr* see aid and investment funds Sowing into these countries at thetr expense
NAM members are aware that they must assert the interests of their movement within the United Nations In particular the six non-aligned nonpermanent members of the Security Council — India. Morocco. Zimbabwe. Ecuador. Venezuela and Cape Verde — have been pressed to co ordinate more closely on the current resolutions of the Council on the relaxing of the embargo on non-military supplies to
The Iranian Foreign Minister urged NAM to strive for greater decision making powers for the General racy and equality among nations — an endeavour certain to be resisted by the US
There la a consensus among the non-aligned that the Security Council Itself should be its primary target for reform since the body created tn IMS in the post war era of East-West competition is no longer relevant to the post-cofonial. post-Cold War period.
The UN 5Oth anniversary tn IMS could be the moment to enlarge the Council by five new permanent members — Germany and Japan, as powerful industrialised states, and India. Brazil and Nigeria, as larger, more advanced developing states
Elevation to the Council of three of Its members would, necessarily enhance NAMs Importance In world affairs and could compel other members to take It more seriously, particularly if the non-aligned combined to follow a courageous Nehruvian policy of Independent Judgement
- GEMINI NEWS
MICHAEL JANSEN to a lance Journalist based In Nicosia.