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War puts 25 per cent Yugoslavs below Poverty Line
BELGRADE, Jan 8: Civil war in Yugoslavia has wrecked what was already a shaky economy, plunging a quarter of the population below the Poverty Line, throwing hundreds of thousands out of work and bringing in galloping Inflation, reports AFP.
More than six million of the federation s 24 million Inhabitants are now classed as impoverished. Two million people are Jobless and 60 per cent of firms are operating at a loss, while prices continue lo soar out of reach for many people.
Discontent with growing hardship could "develop into a movement that no-one can channel." the federation's tra de union leadership warned recently.
Industrial production last year was more than one fifth down on 1990 and below the level of 1976, with salaries — at an average of 130 dollars a month - 17 per cent down in real terms, official figures showed.
A chlld s Jacket or a girl's dress in the
Belgrade shops — still well stocked, for the lime being — currently cosls the equivalent of around 80 dollars.
Hardest hit of the various social categories are the farmers, 40 per cent of whom are living below the official poverty line.
However they were likely lo be Joined by others as inflation In December hit an annual rate of 290 per cent, with economists expecting a resumption of hyper-Inflation tn 1992, optimists predicting a year-on-year rise of around 500 per cent and pessimists fearing 5,000 per cent or event more.
Shoppers face an Incessant round of price hikes. In Serbia last month, no fewer than 17,000 Items rose In price : Heating by 90 per cent, bread by 35 per cent, flour by 50 per cent, phone bills by 66 per cent, fuel by 30 per cent and then by another 15 per cent, transport by 40 per cent, and so on.
In Montenegro, one of Yugoslavia's poorest republics, electricity rose by 47 per cent this month, and trade unions are offering their supporters a choice of not paying their bills or staging a general protest strike. The average wage in Montenegro is 110 dollar, with many workers earning only 70 dollars.
In the ethnic Albanian province of Kosovo, the scene of communal fighting In recent years, salaries are being paid three or more months late. Tanjug news agency has reported. Workers in many parts of Yugoslavia, including Belgrade, are complaining bitterly about the late payment of their salaries.
Some workers are receiving payment in kind : The Vccernjc Novlstl Dally reported the case of a wage-earner In Serbia whose 120-dollar "pay-ppeket" consisted of 60 dollar worth of foodvouchers, 50 kilogrammes (110 pounds) of flour, 25 kilogrammes (55 pounds) of sugar and eight litres of cooking oil.
In the northern Serbian province of Vojvodlna, where banknotes are In short supply,
workers ilrt- apt to receive part of their pay in whatever product their factory supplies, which may mean nails, concertinas, bicycles, slippers or food Items.
Trade unions in Bosnia-Herzegovina have warned of famine If food Is not imported rapidly. The situation there is aggravated by the influx of thousands of refuge fleeing the fighting in neighbouring Croatia.
In Croatia, where war damage Is estimated at 2 1 billion dollar and rising, unempfoyment is 58 per cent up on a year earlier, with 77,000 firms declaring bankruptcy.
Eighty per cent of Yugoslavia's 1992 budget, largely financed by the expedient of printing banknotes, Is lo go on military expenditure.
Yugoslav Prime Minister Ante Markovic resigned lust month lo protest al Serbian Insistence on adopting the budget in its present form, warning that ihe country was heading for an "economic and social catastrophe."