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Palestine and Madrid
For the first time ever since the creation of the Jewish state in 1947. Israeli leaders will today fact representatives of the Palestinian people across a negotiating table. The significance of the meeting can hardly be overestimated In view of the fact that, by agreeing to sit to talk in Madrid, both the Israelis and the Palestinians have implicitly accepted each other's existence as distinct national entitles The Palestinians, many of whom lost their homes to Israeli aggression In 1948 and again in 1967, accepted Israel's right to live within secure borders back tn 1988. but a reciprocal acceptance of Palestinians' right to statehood had not been forthcoming from Tel Aviv But by agreeing to talk to representatives appointed by the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO). the Israelis have at least admitted that the Palestinian issue is not Just a "refugee problem", as former Israeli premier Golda Meir was so fond of saying.
The issue at Madrid now is explicit recognition of each other's national rights, implementation of United Nations Security Council resolutions 242 and 267 which called on Israel to vacate territories conquered in the 1967 war, and signing of an overall peace treaty between Israel and Its Arab neighbours. The latter one is. of course, the ulttmate and most important goal, but that cannot be achieved without the former two. The scenario is now set for real bargaining to begin.
With the Palestinians having already made all the concessions required of them (short of committing mass suicide), the focus In Madrid will naturally be on whether Israel can break out of its siege mentality and accept a Palestine state on its door steps. To do that, it would also have to forego its quixotic claim, steeped in theology and ancient history, to the West Bank. This is likely to prove the toughest barrier to demolish, but it is one wall — perhaps the only wall — that has to be breached if the Madrid conference Is going to have a meaningful outcome.
The fact that the PLO chose its delegation with extreme caution, even to the point of taking into account Israeli objections, proved Us sincerity In keeping the process alive. But from the Israeli side, composition of its delegation, to be led by Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir himself and made up of mostly extremists, means that they are in Madrid with a loaded gun. not a bouquet of flowers.
Byt the world must now Jettison its worn-out policy of perennially placating Israel. If the United States is truly sincere about peace in the region, then it must deploy all the leverages it has — and it has quite a few— tn order to persuade Israeli hardliners to give up their imperialistic ambitions and accept the idea of trading occupied land, all of it, for a lasting peace. Israel, as the region's foremost Industrial and technological power with a strong trait of internal democracy, has a lot to offer the Arab world. And it can gain immensely — both economically and politically — from peace and cooperation with its Arab neighbours. But none of that will materialise so long as Palestinians are deprived of their inalienable right to statehood on Ine land of their btrlh. Israel may find offering half or quarter of a loaf l.e. limited autonomy to the West Bank, as an easy way out at Madrid, and the Palestinians may find themselves under pressure to accept such humiliation once again lest even that little gain slips away. But the Arab world must ensure that no general peace treaty or even a bilateral one between Tel Aviv and Damascus, is agreed upon unless full independence for a Palestinian West Bank is also accepted by Israel.