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A unique parliament goes into session amid new hopes today

By Staff Correspondent
The inaugural session of the fifth Jatlya Sangsad (parliament) begins today at 9 am amid high hopes among the people for shaping a democratic polity.
The new parliament, formed after a mass upsurge Is expected to solve constitutional Issues, and strengthen ■democratic institutions destroyed in nine years of autocratic rule.
It is the first parliament in independent Bangladesh which represents all shades of opinion. Its election has been recognized as free and fair. None boycotted the election.
The fifth Parliament is
unique In that two ladles Begum Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina are leading Its Treasury and Opposition benches. It is also the first parliament in independent Bangladesh which has a very strong opposition. The ruling Bangladesh Nationalist Party commands 164 seats and the opposition 156 seats. By election in 10 remaining seats are scheduled to be held soon.
Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) has earned a commanding majority in the House by receiving support from 20 members of Jamaat-e lslami Bangladesh. Bangladesh Awami League has 87 seats. Commu-
nist Party of Bangladesh ftye and Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (BKSAL) has four seats in the House.
Ganatantrl Party. Islam! Olkya dote. Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Straj). Bangladesh Workers Party, National Democratic Party, and Bangladesh National Awami Party! M) have one seat each in the House which also has three independent members.
The inaugural sitUng will begin with Shamsul Huda Chowdhury in the chair as under Article 74 (6) of the Constitution the Speaker or Deputy Speaker shall be deemed to continue to hold office until his successor has cn tered upon office'
The House will first elect a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker The new Speaker and the Deputy Speaker will take oath from Acting President Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed at the parliament house following which the new Speaker will take over and the outgoing Speaker depart.
The House will then appoint a panel of chairmen who are to conduct the business of the parliament tn the absence of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker. An obituary resolution mourning deaths in prodemocracy movements, and demise of noted persons will be adopted.
Fortyfour ordinances promulgated between August 1990 and March 1991 will then be laid before the House. The annual report 1990 of Bangladesh Public Service Commission will also be presented.
The business of the day will be concluded through the Inaugural address In the parliament by Acting President Justice Shahabuddin Ahmed.
History
The fifth Parliament Inher its an oft-interrupted history that began with the inaugural session of the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh on April 10. 1972. The Con stituent Assembly passed the Constitution of Bangladesh on December 15. 1972. The Constitution became effective the following day.
Following the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, the first Parliament was formed through an election of March 7. 1973. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was the
Leader of the House In which Awami League commanded 303 out of 315 seals. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was replaced by cap!. M Mansur All as tlw Leader of the House following the Introduction of one-parly rule In 1975. The first Parliament was dissolved on Novem ber 6. 1975. It had 134 work Ing days, and enacted a total of 154 laws.
The second Parliament elected on February 18. 1979 had the largest number (206)^ working days. Bangladesh Na-' tlonalist Party had 250 merp-bers in the 330 member Hou* with Sliah Aztzur Rahman as its leader Asaduzzaman Khan of AL was the leader of the Opposition. The second Parliament which enacted 65 laws was dissolved on March 24. 1982.
Election of the third Parliament was boycotted by the Seven-Party Alliance, the five party alliance and some smaller parties and alliances. Jattya Party had bagged 213 seats in the May 7. 1986 election. Mtzarrur Rahman Chowdhury was lire Leader of the House and Sheikh Hasina was the Leader of the Opposition. The third Parliament. dissolved following a strong movement on December 6. 1987. had the lowest number of working days (75) and enacted 38 laws.
The fourth Parliament, elected on March 3. 1988. was boycotted by all parties and alliances save Jatiya Party and its allies Moudud Ahmed was the first Leader of the House. He was later replaced by Kazi Zafar Ahmed A.S.M. Abdur Rab was the Leader of the Opposl tion. The fourth Parliament was dissolved on December 6. 1990 following the mass un surge. The fourth Parliament had enacted a total of 142 laws in 168 working days.