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Both Koreas on the Road to Full Membership of the UN

by Ted Morello
Many United Nation member states call the absence of North and South Korea as full-fledged members of the UN a "relic of the past era" of Cold War confrontation.
The governments of both arc on speaking terms, the Soviet Union' has established diplomatic relations with South Korea, and even China, traditionally the mentor of North Korea, has warmed towards Seoul.
Both countries have observer status and are full members of specialised UN agencies such as the World Health Organisation. UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation.
A Chinese veto in the UN Security Council of South Korean membership looks less and less likely after China and South Korea agreed to formalise trade ties in October and set up trade offices in each other's capitals. In the recent Aslan Games In Beijing and the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, ath-k-tes from both countries participated.
Diplomatic sources also recently reported that Beijing rebuffed a North Korean demand that China commit itself to vetoing any South Korean membership application.
During the opening weeks of the 45th General Assembly mounting sentiment for membership was evident from speeches by heads of state, government leaders and delegates. Speaker after speaker called for Korean admission.
Some limited themselves to welcoming the recent high-level contacts between Seoul and Pyongyang as a step toward the UN's avowed goal of universality of membership.
Singapore's Foreign Minister Wong Kan Seng went a step further and said his government welcomed South Korea's Interest in UN rhem-bership. adding : "We would also welcome the Democratic Republic of (North) Korea if it wishes to Join.”
In an allusion to a major Pyongyang objection. Wong said : "Membership for the two Koreas.... need not preclude their efforts for peaceful reunification."
Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans followed suit, saying : 'The Republic of Korea has stated Its desire to become a full member, and we support admission of both Korean states either simultaneously or separately." Italy's Foreign Minister Gianni de Michelis said the UN "must prepare to welcome both." North Korea insists that separate admission of the two countries would contribute to perpetuating the division of Korea. But the recent reunification of Germany and the merging of the two Yemen* belie this argument.
East and West Germany were, like North and South Korea, originally confined to UN observer status. They were admitted as full but separate members in 1973 and merged on October 3. The (North) Yemen Arab Republic was admitted tn 1947. two years after the UN was founded. The Ik-ople's Democratic of (South) Yemen became a full-fledged member on Independence in 1967. The countries merged on May 22.
It remains unclear when South Korea will its formal application for UN membership. UN Ambassador Hong Choo Hyun of South Korea has Indicated it may apply before the current General Assembly sitting ends in mid-December
Application will tn part depend on the continuation of high-level talks between the government of South and North Korea.
The Security Council would first act on the application. If Seoul escapes China's veto there, the council's recommendation for admission would go to the General Assembly for ratification. Given the support voiced for South Korean membership. It would sweep into a UN seat by a comfortable majority if not by consensus or acclamation.
And once South Korea is admitted, North Korea would also apply so as not to give Seoul exclusive representation of the Korean peninsula.. — GEMINI NEWS
TED MORELLO was presl dent of the UN Correspondents' Association and is currently a UN Correspondent for the Christian Sconce Monitor.